Usual Glossary:

Anisotropic Magnet: A magnet having a preferred direction of magnetic orientation, so that the magnetic characteristics are optimum in one preferred direction.

Isotropic magnet: A magnet material whose magnetic properties are the same in any direction.

Orientation direction: the direction in which an anisotropic magnet should be magnetized in order to achieve optimum magnetic properties. Also known as the “axis,” “easy axis,” or “angle of inclination.”

Coercive Force(Hcb): The demagnetizing force, measured in Oersteds, necessary to reduce observed induction, B, to Zero after the magnet has previously been brought to saturation.

Intrinsic Coercive force (Hcj): Measured in Oersteds in the cgs system, this is a measure of the material's inherent ability to resist demagnetization. It is the demagnetization force corresponding to zero intrinsic induction in the magnetic material after saturation. Practical consequences of high Hci values are seen in greater temperature stability for a given class of material, and greater stability in dynamic operating conditions.

(BH) max: is the maximum product of (BdHd) which can be obtained on the demagnetization curve.

Oersted, Oe :the unit of magnetic field strength, H, in the cgs electromagnetic system. One oersted equals a magneto motive force of one gilbert per centimeter of flux path.

Gauss: Lines of magnetic flux per square centimeter, cgs unit of flux density, equivalent to lines per square inch in the English system, and webers per square meter or Tesla in the SI system.

Curie Temperature: The transition temperature above which the alloy loses its magnetic properties. This is not the maximum serviceable temperature, which is usually much lower.

Saturation: A condition where the increase in applied external field yields no increase in induction. When this condition is met, all of the elementary magnetic moments have the same alignment. This condition is important in permanent magnet alloys and in Ferromagnetic alloys. Magnet alloys must always be magnetized to saturation. The magnet may not be used at this level, but before conditioning and stabilization the magnet must always first be magnetized to saturation. Usually saturation should not be exceeded in Ferromagnetic alloys which comprise the yoke or return path elements of a magnetic circuit. If ferromagnetic elements are saturated there will be flux leakage in the system and a redesign should be considered.

Conversion Table